In this article we will see how to connect MongoDB database with Python.
MongoDB is open-source and json based NoSQL database management system. MongoDB store all data in collection with key and value. To connect MongoDB database with Python, you will need to install MongoDB driver to access MongoDB database.
We will install PyMongo driver with PIP command. It is easy and recommend you install python packages with PIP.
To install PyMongo driver, run the below command in Terminal.
python3 -m pip install pymongo
Now you can use PyMongo package for interacting with MongoDB database.
Create database
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("localhost", 27017)
db = client.testdb
To get all list of system database:
print(client.list_database_names())
To check if database already exist
dbname = client.list_database_names()
if "mydatabase" in dbname:
print("The database exists.")
Create and insert collection
Collection is same as table in MySQL. Here’s a basic example for creating collection.
db.my_collection
Collection(Database(MongoClient('localhost', 27017), u'test'), u'my_collection')
db.my_collection.insert_one({"name": "laravelcode"}).inserted_id
# 5b1910482ddb101b7042fcd7
To insert multiple collection, you may use insert_many() method:
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("localhost", 27017)
mydb = client["my_database"]
myrec = mydb["users"]
mylist = [
{ "name": "HacktheStuff"},
{ "name": "Laravelcode"},
{ "name": "ITSolution_stuff"}
]
x = myrec.insert_many(mylist)
# print list of the _id values of the inserted documents:
print(x.inserted_ids)
MongoDB Query
To search records in MongoDB, find() method is used. This will filter the search results.
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("localhost", 27017)
mydb = client["my_database"]
myrec = mydb["users"]
myquery = {"name": "Laravelcode"}
results = myrec.find(myquery)
for x in results:
print(x)
If you only want to get first result, use find_one() method instead of find()method.
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("localhost", 27017)
mydb = client["my_database"]
myrec = mydb["users"]
myquery = {"name": "Laravelcode"}
results = myrec.find_one(myquery)
print(results)
sort() method will sort the result into specific collection. The second parameter in sort() method will sort by ascending(1) or descending(-1) order.
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("localhost", 27017)
mydb = client["my_database"]
myrec = mydb["users"]
myquery = {"name": "Laravelcode"}
results = myrec.find(myquery).sort("name", -1)
for x in results:
print(x)
limit() method will return limited number of rows.
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("localhost", 27017)
mydb = client["my_database"]
myrec = mydb["users"]
myquery = {"name": "Laravelcode"}
results = myrec.find(myquery).limit(2)
for x in results:
print(x)
Update records
To update records, you can update records using update_one() or update_many() method.
Update only first result using update_one() method.
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("localhost", 27017)
mydb = client["my_database"]
myrec = mydb["users"]
myquery = {"name": "Laravelcode"}
newquery = {"$set": { "name": "Laravel-News" }}
myrec.update_one(myquery, newquery)
Update all searched records using update_many() method.
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("localhost", 27017)
mydb = client["my_database"]
myrec = mydb["users"]
myquery = {"name": {"$regex": "^Laravel"}}
newquery = {"$set": { "name": "Laravel-News" }}
myrec.update_many(myquery, newquery)
Delete records
In the same way, you can delete records using delete_one() or delete_many() method.
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("localhost", 27017)
mydb = client["my_database"]
myrec = mydb["users"]
myquery = {"name": "Laravelcode"}
myrec.delete_one(myquery)
Drop collection
To drop whole collection, use drop() method.
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient("localhost", 27017)
mydb = client["my_database"]
myrec = mydb["users"]
myrec.drop()
This will return true if collection dropped successfully. If there is no collection, it will return false.
This way, you can connect and work with MongoDB Database in Python.
